65 million Preakness Stakes , with Kentucky Derby winner Rich Strike skipping the second leg to prepare for the Belmont Stakes. Preakness Stakes early odds: 1. Morning-line odds: 50-1. Traditionally held on the third Saturday of May, the Preakness Stakes is distinct in culture and competition. Best horse betting site for the 2023 Preakness Stakes. The Kentucky Derby winner faces six new faces Saturday in pursuit of the 2023 Triple Crown’s middle jewel. Post time for the Preakness is 7:01 p. Other graded stakes on the Black-Eyed Susan program are the historic $300,000 Pimlico Special (G3) for 3-year-olds and up at the Preakness distance of 1 3/16 miles; $150,000 Miss Preakness (G3) for 3-year-old fillies sprinting six furlongs; and $150,000 Allaire du Pont Distaff (G3) for fillies and mares 3 and up going 1 1/8 miles. Preakness Stakes 2021: Contenders, Lineup and Odds. m. Preakness Stakes Odds: Mage A. Coverage begins on CNBC at 2 p. National Treasure (4-1) Trainer: Bob. Following were the Preakness offshore odds Monday at 10 a. Preakness Stakes Post Positions & Odds: Post: Horse: Jockey: Trainer: Morning Line: Odds: 1:BALTIMORE — The eyes of the horse racing world and beyond will converge on the 148th Preakness Stakes on Saturday at Pimlico Race Course in Baltimore for the second jewel of the Triple Crown series. 88 kilometers, compared to the 1 ¼-mile Kentucky Derby, which is contested two weeks before the Preakness. 2022 Preakness Stakes preview and odds. 2023 Preakness Stakes G1. The 2023 Preakness Stakes will have seven horses looking to capture the second leg of the Triple Crown. Mitchell Black Eyed Susan Stakes. 4 — Coffeewithchris (20-1) Trainer: John Salzman Jr. May 7, 2022 at 8:16 PM · 3 min read. Preakness 2023 Morning Line Favorite. Post positions. The 148th Preakness Stakes will be run at Pimlico Race Course in Baltimore, Maryland on Saturday, May 20 (5/20/2023) with the main event post time at 7:01 p. 3 post: Mage, 3-2; No. Kentucky Derby champion Mage is running in the 2023 Preakness Stakes. Last year. m. For the $1 Million Grade 1 Stakes Race. With the 2023 Preakness Stakes set to take place Saturday at 6:50 p. 2021 Preakness Stakes Lineup: Odds, Best Pick, Handicapping. Andrew DeWitt. No. Blue Grass Stakes winner Tapit Trice is the second choice at 3-1 in the nine-horse 2023 Belmont Stakes field. Odds, analysis for Friday stakes at Churchill DownsThe post time is approximately 7:01 p. m. The 148th running of the Preakness Stakes is set for Saturday, May 20 at Pimlico Race Course, The post time for this year's race is scheduled for 7:01 p. m. Given that this is very much a neutral. 2023 Belmont Stakes odds, horses, post drawKentucky Derby winner Mage was made the 8-5 morning-line favorite during Monday's draw for Saturday’s $1. Preakness Stakes 2018: Horses, lineup, odds, jockeys, trainers for all eight Thoroughbreds Meet the eight horses who will run in the second leg of the Triple Crown at Pimlico Race CourseMage opens as a 5-2 morning line favorite to win the Preakness out of the No. There are plenty of ways to bet the 2023 Preakness Stakes on Saturday, May 20. Gustavo Delgado-trained Mage,. Current live odds for the 2022 Preakness Stakes at Pimlico Race Course. 1 post: National Treasure, 5-2; No. No. At 91-1 odds, Donerail's win in the 1913 Kentucky Derby is the only bigger upset in Derby history. The last two Derby-Preakness winners went on to win the Triple Crown (Justify and American Pharoah). It has been the home of the Preakness Stakes since the race's inception in 1873. What double-digit longshot has a big chance, and how has Menez constructed his wagers? Check out the latest 2023 Belmont Stakes odds below, then visit SportsLine to see Menez's picks for the Belmont Stakes, all from the expert who nailed the Preakness and has crushed prep races. Streaming: Peacock. US Racing will profile all the contenders. 2023. Preakness Stakes Odds. Whenever a Kentucky Derby. That telecast from Pimlico runs from 5-6 p. Preakness Stakes 2021: Medina Spirit draw No. m. Odds: 12-1. The. . Here are the major details. Last race: Fourth in the Kentucky Derby. Midnight Bourbon is the 5-2 according to the latest 2021 Preakness Stakes odds. 2023 Preakness Stakes Position Draw & Morning Line Odds . Moves. The 2023 Preakness Stakes contenders field has been announced, along with post position and initial morning line odds. No. There will be no Triple Crown winner in 2023 after Mage finished third in the Preakness Stakes on Saturday in Baltimore, losing out to Bob Baffert-trained National Treasure at Pimlico Race Course. Post time is 7:01 p. Coverage of the Preakness Stakes begins at 1 p. Only one of the Preakness. Check out the latest 2023 Belmont Stakes odds below, then visit SportsLine to see Menez's picks for the Belmont Stakes, all from the expert who nailed the Preakness and has crushed prep races. Preakness 2023 predictions, odds: Expert picks for Saturday’s second race in the Triple Crown. The second leg of the Triple Crown has a purse of $1. Mage is the 8-5 favorite in the 2023 Preakness Stakes odds, while National Treasure has the second-shortest odds at 4-1. Two Phil's +500 ($10 to win. ET (NBC). 2023 Kentucky Derby. The eyes of the horse racing world and beyond will converge on the 148th Preakness Stakes on Saturday at Pimlico Race Course in Baltimore for the second jewel of the Triple Crown series. What double-digit longshot has a big chance, and how has Menez constructed his wagers? Check out the latest 2023 Belmont Stakes odds below, then visit SportsLine to see Menez's picks for the Belmont Stakes, all from the expert who nailed the Preakness and has crushed prep races. Results. Glossary ESPN BET FAQ With the 2023 Preakness Stakes set to take place Saturday at 6:50 p. In the least typical of Triple Crown seasons, there is at least a little bit of normal in the main storyline for Saturday’s 145th running of the $1 million. Click here for Pimlico entries and results. A. California-based gelding Chase the Chaos earned his spot in the Preakness by winning the El Camino Real Derby in February. m. Early. Coming off a runner-up finish in the Kentucky Derby, Epicenter is the 6-5 favorite in the 2022 Preakness Stakes odds, followed by Early Voting (7-2) and Secret Oath (9-2). 2016 Preakness Stakes Post Positions: Post: Horse: Jockey: Trainer: Morning Line: Odds Shark: 1: Cherry Wine : Corey Lanerie : Dale Romans : 20/1: 25/1: 2: Uncle Lino. Last year it was Rombauer (11-1) with a powerful kick out of the homestretch to beat betting favorites Midnight Bourbon and Medina Spirit in 1:53. Preakness Stakes post positions 2021. Keepmeinmind: 15-1. Career earnings: $665,350. Only one of the Preakness entrants carries odds of 50-1 or longer. m. Forte is ineligible for the Preakness because of a mandatory two-week stint on the veterinarian's list. There are only seven 2023 Preakness Stakes horses, with Mage being the only. See the 2023-24 Road to the Kentucky Oaks Race Schedule. There are only seven 2023 Preakness. The 1 3/16 mile race, the second leg of. He was a 15-1 longshot in the Run for the Roses, but rallied and edged runner-up Two Phil's in the final furlong to establish himself as the 8-5 favorite in the 2023 Preakness Stakes odds. In a head-to-head matchup, Blazing Sevens is +140, while National Treasure is -160. One of the horses in an undercard race before today’s Preakness Stakes, the Bob Baffert-trained Havnameltdown, has been euthanized, after suffering a. Post time is 7:01 p. Here's a look at the lineup and odds, followed by predictions for the top three finishers. Mage, the 15-1 upset winner of the 2023 Kentucky Derby, will look to capture the second leg of horse racing’s Triple Crown Saturday afternoon at Pimlico Race Course in Baltimore. Watch. Simplification (6-1) Watch more top videos, highlights, and B/R original content 2. The 2023 Preakness Stakes will take place Saturday, May 20 at Pimlico Race Course with a post time of 7:01 p. 4 post:. Pre-race coverage will air on CNBC and stream on Peacock from 1-4:30 p. "The 2022 Preakness Stakes lost a little luster when longshot Kentucky Derby winner was not entered into the second leg of the Triple Crown, the 2023 version. The draw and odds. Find the latest news, odds & more!. Unsurprisingly, Mage is the favorite to win the Preakness at 8-5 odds. m. Preakness. Fenwick may be a popular betting horse because of the long odds Rich Strike won at. 🥉 Mage (8-5) 2 1/4 Length Behind. Follow the latest headlines from Preakness Stakes 2023, including the full schedule, live stats & standings, and much. The…The 2022 Preakness Stakes will take place Saturday at Pimlico Race Course. Preakness Lineup, Odds. Subscribe to newslettersAt 91-1 odds, Donerail's win in the 1913 Kentucky Derby is the only bigger upset in Derby history. Mage, the winner of the Kentucky Derby, is still alive to be the 14th Triple Crown winner. m. This year, the race will be held on June 10th. I t’s time for the 2023 Preakness Stakes, which will be the 148th running of “The Run for the Black-Eyed Susans” at Pimlico Race Course in. By John Cherwa. The $1. On May 20 Pimlico Race Course will host the second jewel of North American horse racing's Triple Crown, as a talented group of 3-year-olds including Kentucky Derby (G1) winner Mage. Simplification (6-1 to win outright) — A consistent performer who comes off a solid, if not spectacular, fourth in the. Early Voting – Gate 5. Simplification. Listed below is the 2023 Preakness Field and the morning. 3 post. Preakness 2022 Post Positions: Draw Start Time, Horses Lineup and More | News, Scores. 2023 Belmont Stakes odds, horses, post drawPreakness post positions, odds for 2023. National Treasure, trained by Bob Baffert, is 4-1 among the 2023. As the second event on horse racing's Triple Crown schedule, the Preakness Stakes usually features a favorite that was victorious at the. Win National Treasure: $7. Here is a preview of the 147th running of the Preakness Stakes, complete with odds, contenders, and picks. First Mission currently has 5-2 odds to win. 65 million, Grade 1 Preakness Stakes at Pimlico Race Course in Baltimore. said after entries were taken and Mage was made the 8-5 morning-line favorite. 2023 Preakness Stakes Lineup, Odds. m. Kentucky Derby winner Mage is the 4-5 morning-line favorite for Saturday’s $1. 1. There just won't be a Triple Crown up for grabs. While we've only seen six fillies win the Run for the Black-Eyed Susans (most. As expected, the early odds list Mage as the favorite at 3-1. The Preakness is also considerably more exclusive, featuring a maximum 14 horses. Wayne Lukas, who has won the Preakness six times, the 147th running. Wayne Lukas Jockey: Ricardo Santana Jr. Henry Q: 12-1 Red Route One: 16-1. Come Saturday, WBAL-TV will be on the air from Pimlico Race Court from 12:30 p. 1. Lightly-raced colt by Street Sense, a Kentucky Derby winner who lost to Curlin by a nose in the Preakness, won the Grade 3 Lexington Stakes on April 15, earning a 98 Beyer Speed Figure. Preakness Lineup, Odds 1. Armagnac 12/1. 80 Mage: $2. 2023 Preakness Stakes Contenders and Odds Announced: The 2023 Preakness Stakes is coming up at Pimlico Race Course on Saturday, May 20. Printable Odds for 2023 Preakness StakesOur Teresa Genaro also analyzed every horse in the 2023 Preakness. The post-position draw is Monday, May 15. Preakness Stakes 2023 contenders, horses, field, lineup, odds: Expert who nailed prep races gives picks Should you back Mage, National Treasure, Red Route One with your 2023 Preakness Stakes bets at Pimlico Race Course?. m. Rich Strike was the second-biggest long shot to ever win the Derby—Donerail won the 1913 Kentucky. m. Early Voting 7/2. The lineup and odds The odds are from the Preakness official website and are correct as of 7 a. to 5:30 p. He is trained by Antonio Sano. m. The 147th Run for the Black-Eyed Susans will take place at Pimlico Race Course on Saturday. You can find how to watch, the latest odds and more for horse racing's second Triple Crown event. Once again, he is in too. His greater gift came from Derby winner Rich Strike's connections. Coverage of this year's Preakness will be from 4-7:30 p. 1. Post 2: Chase the Chaos. 2022 Preakness Stakes odds. 2023 Preakness Meet Schedule Black-Eyed Susan Day - Friday, May 19 th. Derby. Ram: 30-1. There are only seven 2023 Preakness Stakes horses, with Mage being the only one who also raced in the Kentucky Derby two weeks ago. Preakness Lineup, Odds. m. Mage is the 8-5 favorite in the 2023 Preakness Stakes odds, but he will have to deal with other 2023 Preakness Stakes horses such as National Treasure (4-1) and Blazing Sevens (6-1). com. ET Tuesday after news broke that Kentucky. Watch more top videos, highlights, and B/R original content. 5/19/2023 Black Eyed Susan $300,000 Grade 2 3YO Fillies 1 1/8 mi. 7 million added in the past hour. beat an entirely new lineup of horse to do it. Wood Memorial runner-up Early Voting (7-2), Kentucky Oaks winner Secret Oath (9-2) and Kentucky Derby fourth place finisher Simplification (6-1) are the other top 2022. “We will watch this week,” McPeek texted while ruling out 10th-place Tiz the Bomb. m. Check out the Preakness 2022 odds below, then visit SportsLine to see Weir's picks for the. Morning-Line Odds: 7-1. m. Updated 11/21/2023 . It’s Preakness Day in Baltimore! Pimlico Race Course is all set to host the second leg of the Triple Crown on Saturday evening with the Run for the Black-Eyed Susan set to post at a 7:01 p. Likely to be the Preakness favorite if he's entered, the Kentucky Derby runner-up was slated to gallop Wednesday at Churchill Downs for trainer Steve Asmussen, a two-time Preakness winner. 1 post: National Treasure, 5-2; No. The post-position draw is Monday,. Kentucky Derby winner Mage will leave the starting gate in the 2023 Preakness Stakes on Saturday at Pimlico Race Course. m. ET on Saturday. Preakness date: May 20, 2023. The 2021 Preakness Stakes field is headlined by Midnight Bourbon, Kentucky Derby winner Medina Spirit, and Concert Tour, who skipped the Run for the Roses to prepare for the Preakness. Secret Oath 9/2. Here is the field in post-position order with the morning line odds. EDT, with NBC broadcasting from Baltimore. Here is the field in post-position order with the morning line odds. Post 1: Simplification. Kentucky Derby winner Justify will look to take another stride toward history. 4 post:. 1. ET at Pimlico Race Course in Baltimore, Md. m. The 2023 Preakness Stakes will. Mage finished first at Saturday's Kentucky Derby as a 15-1 long shot and now has a shot at chasing horse racing's biggest prize, the Triple Crown. Kentucky Derby winner Mage will try to win his second race in two weeks when he faces a seven-horse 2023 Preakness Stakes field on Saturday. on NBC and 2-4 p. Preakness Stakes Horse Odds with Jockeys and Trainers: The 2023 Preakness Stakes takes place on the third Saturday in May: May 20 at Pimlico Race Course. The Preakness is race 13 of 14 on Saturday's card at Pimlico with post time scheduled for 7:01 p. Creative Minister (10-1) 3. Since then, every gate numbered 1-13 has produced a winner. The draw for the 2023 Preakness Stakes is crucial as betting lines. Morning-line odds: 6-1; Current odds: 8-1. The 2023 Preakness Stakes will pit Mage against a field of seven new contenders. Kentucky Derby winner Mage is the 4-5 morning-line favorite for Saturday’s $1. Here are the early entrants and the odds for the Preakness. BetOnline, a service whose function is explained in its. 1. Mage +300 ($10 to win $40 total) 2. Odds provided by FanDuel Racing The Kentucky Derby hero repeat at Preakness? Mage was a 15-1 long shot in the Run for the Roses two weeks ago. Preakness streaming: Peacock. First Mission, the second favorite in the morning-line odds at 5-2, was scratched 36 hours before post time due to an injury to. There are only seven 2023 Preakness Stakes horses, with Mage being the only. Keith Feustle, the Maryland Jockey Club handicapper, set the morning-line odds for Mage at 8-5 to win. The Preakness field lost a horse on Friday, when First Mission was scratched due to a left hind issue. ET. The Middle Jewel of the Triple Crown returns to Pimlico Race Course for the historic 148th running of the Preakness Stakes, featuring the finest Thoroughbreds in the world competing for North America’s most valuable trophy in sports, the Woodlawn Vase. Coverage from Pimlico begins Friday, May 19, with the Black-Eyed Susan streaming on Peacock at 4:40/3:30c. This year’s Preakness Stakes is airing on NBC and CNBC. 1. 5/19/2023 Miss Preakness $150,000 Grade 3 3YO Fillies 6. Mage is the 8-5 favorite in the 2023 Preakness Stakes odds, while National Treasure has the second-shortest. That declaration comes with the usual warning for bettors venturing into the treacherous waters of offshore wagering. The 2021 Preakness Stakes takes place on Saturday, May 15, at Pimlico Race Course. Best finish: Second in 2014 ( Ride On Curlin ), 2015 ( Tale of Verve ), 2019 ( Everfast ), and 2022 ( Epicenter ) His 2023 Preakness horse: Red Route One. and morning-line odds for the 148th. The top 18 point. Red Route One 8. Location: Pimlico Race Course, Baltimore, MD. ET from Pimlico Race Course in Baltimore here are the morning line odds for the field. The. 65 million, Grade 1 Preakness Stakes at Pimlico Race Course in Baltimore. 2023 Belmont Stakes odds, horses, post drawNBC’s coverage of the Preakness Stakes is from 4:30 - 7:30 p. It was a photo finish as National Treasure won the 148th Preakness Stakes Saturday at Pimlico Race Course. Preakness channel: NBC. The Preakness Stakes first implemented a starting gate in 1909. 3-year-old gelding, bred in Pennsylvania. We have a slight change in the odds as the Preakness Stakes is only a half hour away: Chase the Chaos and Red Route One both moved to 8-1 and 7-1, respectively. In addition to wagering on-track at Pimlico, you can participate using advance deposit wagering platforms, such as FanDuel Racing. com. The best Preakness Stakes picks and betting predictions for 2023, including our favorite win, place, and show picks for the Preakness Stakes on Saturday, May 20. Creative Minister 10/1. ET. Preakness was the eighth foal out of British-bred Bay Leaf and cost Sanford $2,000. m. He’s the only horse back from the Derby two weeks ago. When: Saturday, May 20, 2023 at 1:00 p. Early Voting, ridden by jockey Jose Ortiz, won the 147th Preakness Stakes on May 21, 2022. The sire of 2017 Arkansas Derby winner Classic Empire was the No. The 52-year-old Italian jockey was set to retire at the end of 2023 but has reversed his decision after enjoying a successful farewell season. Check out the Preakness Stakes odds below, then visit SportsLine to see Yu's picks for the. Mage, at 15-1 odds, crossed the wire first at Churchill Downs two weeks ago, winning the 149th Kentucky Derby. One international gambling site established Kentucky Derby winner Mage as its 2-1 futures favorite Wednesday morning to win Preakness 2023 in 10 days at Pimlico. The base of the Woodlawn Vase is 13 inches in diameter, sitting on a cross and adorned with horseshoes, a saddle, whip and rider’s cap. Alexander, he named the colt Preakness. After Mage came away with the win at the Kentucky Derby two weeks ago, the colt will try to win the second leg of the Triple Crown this weekend. m. 2. ET. The Triple Crown action moves on to Maryland this weekend, as Pimlico Race Course plays host to the ‘Middle Jewel’ on Saturday, May 20. Jockey: John Velazquez. Preakness Stakes 2023 contenders, horses, field, lineup, odds: Expert who nailed prep races gives picks. Rich Strike is the longest shot to win the Kentucky Derby since Donerail at 91-1 in 1913. 2023 Preakness Stakes post positions, odds. TV Schedule TV Shows A-Z CNNVR Audio CNN Underscored. The 2023 Preakness Stakes will pit Mage against a field of seven new contenders. Salzman is in his first Preakness at age 59, hoping Coffeewithchris, fifth in his last start at Laurel Park, can defy the odds. Then, Rich Strike became the second-largest long shot to win the Derby, behind only Donerail, who had 91-1 odds when he raced to victory in 1913. The Belmont Stakes is a Grade I stakes race for three year-old Thoroughbreds at Belmont Park run on the second Saturday in June. Kentucky Derby runner-up Epicenter, shown at Churchill Downs on April 27, will likely go off as the Preakness favorite. Trainer: Chad Brown, who won the Preakness in 2017. Preakness Stakes 2023 contenders, horses, field, lineup, odds: Expert who nailed prep races gives picks Should you back Mage, National Treasure, Red Route One with your 2023 Preakness Stakes bets at Pimlico Race Course?. on CNBC. The odds: Click here. Pre-race coverage will air on CNBC and stream on Peacock from 1-4:30 p. Coming into the race, Kentucky Derby winner Mage was the Morning Line Odds favorite to win and keep hopes alive of a Triple Crown horse. on CNBC. on NBC and 2-4 p. The post position draw for the 2022 Preakness Stakes bore a small gift for top favorite Epicenter in placing him in well outside. Get our 2023 Belmont Stakes coverage including, Picks and Odds. 7. m. This was the draw for the Preakness field with morning-line odds from Maryland Jockey Club track handicapper Keith Feustle. Morning-line odds: 6-1 Trainer Chad Brown will try to win his third Preakness with Blazing Sevens, who, like Mage, arrived at Pimlico Sunday and went to the track for the first time Monday morning. 3 post: Mage, 3-2; No. Join the excitement of the 2023 Preakness Stakes, the 148th renewal of the second jewel of the Triple Crown at Pimlico Race Course on Saturday, May 20! Find odds and betting promotions with FanDuel Racing. It is followed by the third leg of the Triple Crown, the Belmont Stakes, three weeks later and contested at 1 1⁄2 miles. In a win-or-go-home Game 5, Gallen will be staring down the Rangers lineup, his own October. 1. Ram: 30-1. CNN —. mmmmmmmmmmlli. m. The 147th running of the 1 3/16 miles Preakness is Saturday, May 21 at Pimlico Race Course in Baltimore, MD. Happy Jack. Simplification (6-1 morning-line odds) Jockey: John Velazquez. His 2023 Preakness Stakes odds are much shorter this time around as the 8-5. There was no shortage of drama in the days before and after the Kentucky Derby, with the narrative. 65 million, Grade 1 Preakness Stakes at Pimlico Race Course in Baltimore. No surprise he is the 8-5 morning line favorite for this year’s Preakness Stakes. Check out the latest Preakness odds and get professional picks and analysis at TVG. Morning Line Odds. Preakness Lineup, Odds. Coming off a runner-up finish in the Kentucky Derby, Epicenter is the 6-5 favorite in the 2022 Preakness Stakes odds, followed by Early Voting (7-2) and Secret Oath (9-2). Chase the Chaos 30-1. Race Recap. The Preakness Stakes is Race 13 with post time at 7:01 p. What double-digit longshot has a big chance, and how has Menez constructed his wagers? Check out the latest 2023 Belmont Stakes odds below, then visit SportsLine to see Menez's picks for the Belmont Stakes, all from the expert who nailed the Preakness and has crushed prep races. Friday is Black Eyed Susan Day. TV Schedule TV Shows A-Z CNNVR Features As Equals Call to Earth. m. It will be the 148th running of the race, which is the middle leg of the Triple Crown schedule. 1 post: National Treasure, 5-2; No. WBAL-TV is your home for Preakness coverage all week on 11 News. Two weeks after Rich Strike won the Derby at 80-1 odds, Fenwick is 50-1 on the morning line. The 2019 Preakness favorite is Improbable, trained by Bob Baffert and jockeyed by Mike Smith, who's listed at 3-1 after opening on the morning line at 5-2. ET. Career record: 8 starts – 3 wins – 1 second – 2 thirds. Odds, picks, and predictions for the 2023 Preakness Stakes on Saturday, May 20. 2023 Belmont Stakes odds, horses, post drawWhat double-digit longshot has a big chance, and how has Menez constructed his wagers? Check out the latest 2023 Belmont Stakes odds below, then visit SportsLine to see Menez's picks for the Belmont Stakes, all from the expert who nailed the Preakness and has crushed prep races. Clocking in at 1 3/16 miles -- 1/16 mile shorter than the Kentucky Derby -- it is the shortest of the Triple Crown races, favoring speed and strength. There are only seven 2023 Preakness Stakes horses, with Mage being the only. The draw for 2021 Preakness Stakes post positions was originally scheduled for Monday, but was postponed till 4 p. And with just one win from six starts, his trainer, Kevin McKathan, opined that “he needs to be 80-1. 1 through 8 have.